Vitrectomy is a procedure to remove the vitreous humor from the eye. Vitreous humor is a transparent gel filling the eyeball. Changes within the vitreous can cause or coexist with serious retinal diseases, which often lead to significant impairment of vision. Surgical removal of the vitreous body through some small openings in the wall of the eyeball, in some cases, allows to restore the normal structure and function of the retina. The most common indications for vitrectomy are: nonabsorbent hemorrhages to the vitreous humor of varying etiology, advanced forms of diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, macular holes and epiretinal membranes.